Figure J-3 from Kibbe, et al, p 550.Also Figure 8.69 from Kalpakjianhe attributes to G. Boothroyd.
Base and Column- One piece that is the support structure of the machine
�� Slides can allow relative motion of ram and knee.
�� Ram slide can also be equipped with a swivel for further motion
Knee-Connected to slide on column- can move up and down
Saddle-Engages slide on top of knee- can be moved in and out.
Table-Engages slide atop of saddle- moved lengthwise.Holds workpiece.
Ram-Engages swiveling slide atop column.
Toolhead-Attached to end of ram, contains motor and quill
����������������� Often rotates about both saddle and table axis (control normal)
Quill-Non rotating, but contains rotating spindle.
����������� Can be moved up and down
Note that the vertical milling machine is the more popular style in use today.It is the most flexible type of milling machine & one of the most versatile machines found in the shop (along with the lathe).On the newer Dynamytes, there is no real separate knee or toolhead or quill.Have a saddle that slides along base and a table which slides in the saddle.Ram can move up and down, giving the dynamyte machines 3 possible axis of motion.Again, recall that the controller can actually only move 2 of these at any time, making the DynaMyte milling machines 2 1/2 DOF machines.(This is little tidbit has found its way onto many past ME/IWSE 683 finals).
Here (pictured) one has MORE than 5 DOF.What do these extra motions allow??They allow one to overcome machine travel limits and work around obstacles.